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Does your robots.txt say what you think it says?

robots.txt is the first thing a crawler reads and the easiest file on a site to get subtly wrong. One stray rule in the wrong group can block a whole store while every page still loads for you.

Runs the robots.txt check against a bounded sample of your site, from outside your network. Nothing is stored.

What this check inspects

Shipwork fetches /robots.txt from outside your network, parses it into user-agent groups with their Allow, Disallow and Crawl-delay rules, and lists the Sitemap lines. When you name an agent and a path it resolves the outcome the way the standard matching works: the most specific user-agent wins, and inside a group the longest matching path wins, with * matching any run of characters and a trailing $ anchoring the end.

What a failure means

A non-200 response is not a block: crawlers then treat the whole site as allowed, which is the opposite of what most people assume. A file with no parsable rules is a warning. The serious case is a rule that quietly matches more than intended: Disallow: / inside a group blocks the entire site, and because robots.txt stops crawling rather than indexing, pages can drop out of the crawl while staying listed without a snippet.

How to fix it

  1. Read the rules as groups. A Disallow applies only to the user-agent lines directly above it, up to the next user-agent line.
  2. A broader rule beats a narrower one only when it is a longer match. Disallow: /product beats Disallow: / for a product URL, so an allow cannot rescue a page from a site-wide block.
  3. Test a specific path against a specific agent instead of assuming the rule fires the way you meant.
  4. Keep a Sitemap: line so crawlers do not have to discover URLs by links alone.

A typical failure, worked through

The setupA store wants its internal search kept out of the index and adds Disallow: /search near the top of robots.txt. Later a developer adds Disallow: / as the first rule in the same group while testing and forgets it.

What the check reportsThe check reports a non-empty rule set and, for the path /, the longest match is Disallow: /. Every product page resolves as blocked for all crawlers, though /search was the only thing you meant to block.

The pointThe block is silent in a browser, because robots.txt never stops a human. Only a check that resolves the rules from outside can see it.

Questions

Does a missing robots.txt block anything?
No. No file, or a non-200 response, means crawlers assume everything is allowed. That is why an error page served with a 200 status is dangerous: it reads as an empty allow rule set.
What is the difference between Disallow and noindex?
Disallow stops crawling. noindex stops indexing, but only after the page is crawled. If you Disallow a URL you also want removed from search, the crawler cannot read the noindex, so it may stay listed. Use one or the other, not both on the same URL.
Why do my rules not apply to Googlebot?
Rules are grouped by user-agent. A group for User-agent: * does not apply to an agent with its own group, and a more specific agent name wins.

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